CNC Machining History

CNC (Computer Numerical Control) machining is a popular method used in metalworking industry these days. Unlike traditional machines, by using a computerized system, CNC machines works far better in complicated shapes for various kinds of materials. You might be curious about CNC machining history, hence, read on to know the details.

Changing the System

When the method was being developed, CNC machining was aimed to be used by the U.S. Air Force in creating aircraft parts. Given the fact that manufacturing complicated parts of the airplanes could cost them very high, they turned to seek a method to do the job in much efficient manner.

John T. Parsons and MIT thus came in a team to develop the idea of CNC machining. That was around 1940s when the method was designed. Since that year, many developments were made to improve the ability of the machine. In 1967, the idea of CNC machine began spreading to public and in 1972, CAD and CAM programs started to be applied to the machine.

What Makes It Special

Traditional machine (numerical control machine) made use of G-codes that enable the machine to locate its positions. The control put on the codes was done manually in NC machines, yet in CNC machines, a computer is employed to carry the task. Even in a more advanced technology, namely parametric program, logical commands are added such that they can work together with G-codes. This advanced program allows users to adjust and access system parameters in much easier way.

The result made by this improvement is clear; more accuracy, productivity and efficiency. CNC machines offer much comfortable process in metalworking as the number of accident can be decreased. These machines are able to reduce the risk because the computerized system lessens the interaction between human and the tools.

Firstly developed for a military purpose, CNC machining is now a standard method for the industry. It is accurate, efficient and less accident risk so that it will be a great investment to buy.

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Fanuc Alarm Codes

Below are fanuc alarm codes for the spindle amplifier on CNC Machining.

Alarm 01 (AL-01) Motor Overheat
Causes
Damaged motor fan, overload, motor cooler is dirty, loose connection.
Remedy
Replace parts, clean cooler, check connections, review cutting conditions.

Alarm 02 (AL-02) Excessive Speed Deviation
Causes
Overload, transistor module is damaged, loose connections, error with speed feedback signal, blown fuse.
Remedy
Replace parts, check connections, review cutting conditions.

Alarm 03 (AL-03) Blown Fuse in DC Link Section
Causes
Indicates that the fuse F4 in DC link is blown (models 30S and 40S).
Remedy
Check power transistors and replace fuse.

Alarm 04 (AL-04) Input fuse blown / Input power open phase
Causes
Defective transistor module, blown fuse.
Remedy
Replace parts, replace fuse.

Alarm 05 (AL-05) Control Power Supply Fuse Blown
Causes
Defective PCB, Abnormal power supply voltage.
Remedy
Check power supply, replace PCB, replace fuse.

Alarm 07 (AL-07) Excessive Speed
Causes
Incorrect parameter setting.
Remedy
Reset parameter value.

Alarm 08 (AL-08) High Input Voltage
Causes
AC power supply too high, incorrect setting of toggle switch for voltage setting.
Remedy
Change setting from 200V to 230V.

Alarm 09 (AL-09) Heat sink is overheated
Causes
Cooling fan is defective, overload, dust and dirty.
Remedy
Replace fan, review cutting conditions, clean parts.

Alarm 10 (AL-10) Input Power Voltage Low
Causes
Drop in input power, momentary power failure.
Remedy
Correct case and reset alarm.

Alarm 11 (AL-11) Overvoltage of DC Link Circuit
Causes
High power impedance, PCB or transistor module are defective.
Remedy
Check AC power, replace damaged parts.

Alarm 12 (AL-12) Overcurrent flows to DC Link Circuit
Causes
Output terminals or internal motor of motor is shorted, defective PCB or transistor module.
Remedy
Check connections, replace damaged parts.

Alarm 13 (AL-13) CPU Inter Data Memory Alarm
Replace PCB

Alarm 15 (AL-15)
Cause
Spindle switch /output switch alarm.
Remedy
Check sequence.

Alarm 16 (AL-16) RAM Abnormality
Causes
Defective RAM or PCB.
Remedy
Replace RAM, replace PCB.

Alarm 18 (AL-18) Program ROM sum check error
Causes
Defective ROM.
Remedy
Replace ROM.

Alarm 19 (AL-19)
Causes
Defective A/D convertor or PCB, loose connections.
Remedy
Replace A/D convertor, replace PCB, check connections.

Alarm 20 (AL-20)
Causes
Defective PCB, loose connections.
Remedy
Replace PCB, check connections.

Alarm 24 (AL-24)
Causes
CNC power off, defective optical cable.
Remedy
Turn power on, clean or replace optical cable, replace LSI, replace PCB.

Alarm 25 (AL-25)
Cause
See Alarm 24
Remedy
See Alarm 24

Alarm 26 (AL-26)
Cause
Defective signal level/line of spindle motor for C axis control, defective detector circuit for C axis control, incorrect parameter setting.
Remedy
Check signal level, connect signal cable securely, replace detector circuit, set correct parameter value.

Alarm 27 (AL-27)
Causes
Position coder signal line defective, incorrect parameter setting.
Remedy
Connect signal cable securely, replace signal cable, set correct parameter values.

Alarm28 (AL-28)
Cause
Defective signal level/line of spindle motor for C axis control, defective detector circuit for C axis control.
Remedy
Check signal level, connect signal cable securely, replace detector circuit.

Alarm 29 (AL-29)
Cause
Overload.
Remedy
Review cutting conditions.

Alarm 30 (AL-30)
Cause
Defective power transistor, defective PCB.
Remedy
Replace power transistor, replace PCB.

Alarm 31 (AL-31)
Cause
Motor constrained, defective motor speed reversion signal/signal cable
Remedy
Connect cable securely, replace cable.

Interested other my article Transisitor Module or Pulse Coder Alarms.

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Alarm Fanuc 300

Fanuc Alarm 300 In CNC Machining.

Before you recover Fanuc alarm 300, you must know what the cause of the alarm 300 in CNC Machining. Below are the cause of the alarm Fanuc 300

1. Pulse coder data has been lost, this can happen because the cable broke pulse coder.
2. Replacement pulse coder, if you change the pulse coder then when the engine in turn will display the alarm 300.
3. Backup battery is not good, the voltage drop.

Once you know the cause then you can check for parts each. If all is you check the next step is setting the parameters.

Fanuc O mate parameters 22 XXXX0000 bit 7 = X axis, bit 6 = Y axis, bit 5 = Z axis, bit 4 = 4th axis. Setting from 0 to 1 and then the machine restarts.

Fanuc 16/18/21 parameter 1815 bits 4 setting from 0 to 1

Maybe that’s all I can hopefully help inform and useful.

Will you read my other articles Fanuc Backlash Parameter or Fanuc Alarm Codes

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Fanuc Alarm 438

I want to share it to blog CNC machining readers, this occurs when the vertical CNC machine will start operating. At the time of the machine appears alarm turn on “438 Z AXIS: INV.ABNORMAL CURRENT.” Then I searched the manual book to solve the problem. In the servo amplifier has also appeared alarm code “b”. I followed everything on the manual book disconnect the motor power leads from SVM and check my PE with U, V, or W and the result is ok no problem. Then I disconnect the motor power lead to check its insulation and the results are no problems / ok.

All I have done according to the manual book but to no avail. I tried to change the Axis card that was in front of the motherboard. But still the alarm until I eventually replace the pulse coder, still alarm 438 Z axis: INV.abnormal current. Finally we decided to remove the Z axis motor to ascertain whether the ball screw in trouble, after we motor off (all unopened cable connector). Then the machine turn on. Apparently still alarm as well.

This means ball screw no problem, then my Z axis motor brake check by disconnecting the power cable connector and a cable pulse coder. Connect the 24 volt DC voltage to brake. Once given voltage 24VDC brake, turn the motor shaft by hand turns the motor does not rotate. We feel happy because the problem has been found. Then we opened the motor for the brake repair. (How to repair motor brake my Z axis will post another time).

After the repair is completed we put back on the machine and turn on the machine in alarm is gone and the Z axis zero setting.

Whether you will read another article Fanuc Alarm 300 or Fanuc Backlash Parameter.

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5 Axis CNC Milling Machine

Benefits And Pitfalls Of 5 Axis CNC Milling Machine

Working for detailed precision, 5 axis CNC milling machine was made to comply with the demand of many industries in making complicated pattern. Unlike 3D machine which works on three axis of movement, 5 axis machine makes it possible to run around 5 different axis. The price of the machine is quite high, hence, before you decide to buy it; it is best to consider several things below.

Benefits

The 5 axis CNC milling machine offers more efficiency and accuracy. The machine is capable of cutting from both sides at the same time. You only need to put a special program on the computer then let the machine operates by itself. Thus, except an operator or a supervisor, there is no need to hire an additional worker. Even if you have already used personal robotics system (PRS), a manual operation can be eliminated.

Using 5 axis CNC milling machine, you can create or cut the material into complex shapes in much easier way. That is the reason why this machine has been widely used by aerospace industry.

Pitfalls

Since this machine works with five different axis, the programming will be more complicated. In addition, this type of machine has a limited option of performance; perhaps because it’s focusing on the broadness of the view.

On the other hand, the machine is tagged at an expensive price that you must really learn whether you really need to buy it. In case that a 3D machine has been doing fine, there is no need to go for a 5 axis machine. Instead of buying this machine, you may only need to change the program or make a few adjustments to the existing machine.

When you have to buy a 5 axis CNC milling machine, it is better to ask yourself a few questions about the space required to place the machine, what kind of software you need, and et cetera. This will help you make a wise decision for the company.

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3D CNC Machine

Benefits Of Using 3D CNC Machine

To give you a more reliable performance, CNC machine is now offered with 3D technology. Even though the price is slightly higher than the regular machine, 3D CNC machine has been commonly used by many companies—not only the big ones. This is so because the machine promises a better result which in turn will improve the quality of the product.

Minimal Error

Since 3D technology has gone beyond 2D, it is clear that this machine is going to stand out in the industry. A 3D CNC machine is capable of depicting three angles of the object, showing much clearer points of the design to you. And as more curves are depicted, error can be minimized.

More Designs

The fact that the machine uses 3D technology has made it possible for you to create much complicated pattern which turn into more collections of design. You will have to learn designing, though, and that this process will be separate from the process of creating the tool path. Hence, two kinds of software will be needed.

Faster Work

It is reported that the 3D CNC machine reduce the manufacturing time in a half. Now, as you can save time, more results will be obtained. While production time is saved, you can focus more to the quality of the items you are working. Either woodworking or metalworking, the machine will give you a good result just in a few minutes—depending on the type of difficulty of the item.

Practical

Let’s assume that you do not have an in house artist to create a 3D design or you do not own a designer’s software; still you can use the machine. There are plenty of specialist designers who design a 3D clipart for your CNC machine. This way, there is no need to think of hiring a full time employee.

While using a 3D CNC machine, there is no need to carry out all the jobs yourself. You can outsource one of them to others who are more capable of doing it.

CNC Machine Price

The CNC Machine Price Information

CNC machine is very effective for manufacturing and if we want to work on this field, we need to find more information about this machine soon. Well, this CNC machine gives effective effects for manufacturing business as it can increase the production which will increase the income. We have to know what kind of CNC machine that will be suitable for our manufacturing business. Besides the type of the machine, we also need to find out the information about the cnc machine price. This is very important so that we will know how many budgets we need to spend on this machine and how many products we can afford. This is very good to find out more about each machine type and the detail of the machine.

So, we can start with the 2 axis cnc machine. There are so many series of this 2 axis machine but the estimation of this machine’s price is about $8,990.00 up to $9,985.00. It depends on the swing measure and the length of the gab bed. This machine is very common in manufacturing and it will give you the best result in manufacturing. And then the next is the 3 axis cnc machine. There are so many series of the 3 axis machine, and the estimation of the price will be from $5,423.00 up to $12,522.00 and it all depends on the specification of the machine. This is good to know about the cnc machine price estimation so that we know what kind of machine that will be great for your business.

So, if you want to start a manufacturing business, knowing the price of the cnc machine is a must thing to do. You can do some data collection so that it will be more advantageous to get the best price for the machine. Just do not hesitate any longer to get the cnc machine price information.

How To Build A CNC Machine

A good progress has been made in manufacturing industry as the computer is now used in most of areas. The use of computerized system has made it possible for CNC machines to work more accurate and faster. However, you can make some efforts to create your own CNC machine. Here is the guide.

Planning

Know well what equipment and devices should be prepared as they will be needed in the process. You must also inquire what method you are going to use to build your own CNC machine.

The first method is by modifying the existing tool by adding some additional parts to the machine and synchronizes it with the computer program. This method will save much time on your side since you do not need to create a new machine design. Besides, you can also keep the good performance of the machine in handling the material.

In case that you want to make the machine to be originally made on your own, use the second method. Starting from a scratch by making the design, then proceed to construct the machine.

Creating

Suppose that you choose the second method mentioned in previous point. Now, you have to make a head stock, which is a motor that powers the spindle (a metal cylinder) and mill. The point is to make a strong mount for the motor so that it can transfer the power to spindle. The spindle will be placed within the mount so that you need to think whether to use bearing or bushings.

Next, install a table of XY which functions as a moving surface that will go back and forth and side to side. You can use long screws and bolts to create this movement; the screws will rotate and lead the nuts to move laterally.

Modifying

In case you decide to modify your device rather than create a new CNC machine, you can start it by buying a mill. The mills are sold in various sizes, from small to large ones. While buying the mills, make sure you have determined the size as well as the types of the mills.

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Parameter Fanuc – CNC Machining

Before you receive or send data such as parameters, programs, and other offsets to the machine CNC Machining, needs to be done setting the parameters for the data backup process is not an error. Since I never had the experience during the receive program error occurred. Below I write parameters – setting parameters for data backup.

Before you change the parameter settings for MDI PWE = 1 mode, appears Alarm 100 push CAN + RST and you’re ready for setting parameters.

Cable data.

For 9 pin serial on PC RJ45 DB9                  For 25 pin serial on CNC RJ45 DB 25

5———————————————————7
8———————————————————4
2———————————————————2
7———————————————————5
3———————————————————3

To DB 25 Pin 6,8,20 Jumper

Setting to PC

Baudrate = 4800 (Must match CNC setting).

Stop bits = 2

Data bit = 7

Parity = Even

Control code = Xon/Xoff

Setting CNC

Fanuc O series

CNC Setting Data

TV ON = 0

ISO = 1

I/O =0

Parameter 0002 = 000000001

0552 = 10 (Baudrate 4800).

Fanuc 6 series

CNC Setting Data

TV CHECK = 0

PUNCH CODE = 1

INPUT UNIT = 0

INPUT DEVICE 1 = 1

INPUT DEVICE 2 = 1

Parameters 306 = *00010*0

311 = 00001001

340 = 2

341 =1

* = Leave this bit set to what is currently

Fanuc 3 series

CNC Setting Data

TV ON = 0

ISO = 1

I/O= 0

Parameters 005 = 00000001

068 = 4800

Fanuc 10/11/12 Series

CNC Setting Data

TV CHECK = 0

PUNCH CODE = 0

INPUT DEVICE =1

INPUT DEVICE = 1

Parameter 5001 = 1

5110 = 1

5111 = 2

5112 = 10

Fanuc 16 / 18 Series

CNC Setting Data

TV CHECK = 0

PUNCH CODE = 1

I/O CHANNEL = 0 (0-3: CHANNEL NO)

TAPE FORMAT = 0

Parameters

0000 = 00000*10

0020 = 0

0100 = 00000000

0101 = 10000001

0102 = 0

0103 = 10

* = Leave this bit set to what is currently.

You interested my other articles Fanuc Alarm List or Servo Motor Basics System.

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How to Check Transistor Modul

Posting this time I will give tips on how to check transistor module commonly used in CNC Machining. Location of the transistors is in the power supply module and the servo amplifier that functions as a switch. By way of triggering the transistor module provides the servo motor speed can be set, usually by using PWM (Pulse Width Modulation).

1. Check the terminal P in U, V, W foot tester (+) on terminal P, if the resistance 500-600 Ohm (normal), if short (abnormal).

Rates tester foot, foot (-) to the terminal P, and a foot (+) to terminal U, V, W under normal circumstances are not connected, if short or no resistance means not normal.

2. Check the terminal N to U, V, and W foot tester (-) in the terminal N, if the resistance 500-600 Ohm (normal), if short (abnormal).

3. Check the terminal P to B1, B3, B5 foot tester (+) on terminal P, if the resistance 500-600 Ohm (normal), if short (abnormal).

4. Rates tester foot, foot (-) to the terminal P, and a foot (+) to terminal B1, B3, B5, in normal circumstances are not connected, if short or no resistance

means not normal.

5. Check the terminal B1, B3, B5 with U, V, W, in a normal state resistance 500-600 Ohm, if short (abnormal).

Check the terminal B2, B4, B6 with terminal N, the normal state resistance 500-600 Ohm, if short (abnormal).

You may be reading my other articles Servo Motor Basics System or Parameter Fanuc CNC Machining.

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